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Microwave assisted synthesis of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) grafted agar (Ag-g-P(HEMA)) and its application as a flocculant for wastewater treatment

Gautam SEN, G. Usha RANI, Sumit MISHRA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 312-321 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1344-3

摘要： Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) chains were grafted onto the backbone of agar using a microwave assisted method involving a combination of microwave irradiation and ceric ammonium nitrate to initiate the grafting reaction. The synthesized graft copolymers were characterized by intrinsic viscosity measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis (C, H, N, O and S) and scanning electron microscopy. Ag-g-P(HEMA)-2 showed a much higher flocculation efficacy than agar. The optimized dosage of flocculation for Ag-g-P(HEMA)-2 in the wastewater was found to be 0.75 ppm. Compared to agar, Ag-g-P(HEMA)-2 was found to considerably reduce the pollutant load in the wastewater.

关键词： agar flocculant microwave assisted synthesis jar test protocol poly(HEMA) grafted agar wastewater treatment

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Development of pretreatment protocol for DNA extraction from biofilm attached to biologic activated carbon

Shuting ZHANG, Bo WEI, Xin YU, Bing LIU, Zhuoying WU, Li GU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 459-465 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0249-3

摘要： The biologic activated carbon (BAC) process is widely used in drinking water treatments. A comprehensive molecular analysis of the microbial community structure provides very helpful data to improve the reactor performance. However, the bottleneck of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction from BAC attached biofilm has to be solved since the conventional procedure was unsuccessful due to firm biomass attachment and adsorption capacity of the BAC granules. In this study, five pretreatments were compared, and adding skim milk followed by ultrasonic vibration was proven to be the optimal choice. This protocol was further tested using the vertical BAC samples from the full-scale biofilter of Pinghu Water Plant. The results showed the DNA yielded a range of 40 μg·g BAC (dry weight) to over 100 μg·g BAC (dry weight), which were consistent with the biomass distribution. All results suggested that the final protocol could produce qualified genomic DNA as a template from the BAC filter for downstream molecular biology researches.

关键词： bacterial DNA extraction biological activated carbon (BAC) biofilm water treatment pretreatment protocol

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IP组播路由协议的研究与实现

李炜

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第1期页码 82-88

摘要：

概述了组播路由协议。分析了协议独立的组播路由一稀疏模式（PIM-SM)的缺陷，提出多个会聚点（RPs)的PIM-SM的改进机制。多个RPs机制有效地提高了原有单个RP的PIM-SM协议的健壮性，有利于实现负载均衡、分类业务及提高系统的容错性能，并讨论多个RPs机制的开销问题。分析了 PIM-SM实现细节和组播技术的前景。

关键词：协议独立的组播路由一稀疏模式（PIM-SM) 多会聚点（RPs) 组播

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协议分析仪2Mb/s高速信令处理模块

刘志辉

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第2期页码 79-85

摘要：

为了满足2 Mb/s高速信令的测试要求，开发了2 Mb/s高速信令协议分析仪信令处理模块。信令处理模块分为硬件系统和软件系统两部分。介绍了开发2 Mb/s高速信令协议分析仪的意义，使用2 Mb/s高速信令链路的优势，信令处理模块的设计原理和功能。介绍嵌入式处理器和实时操作系统的相关内容。

关键词：协议分析仪 2 Mb/s高速信令嵌入式处理器实时操作系统

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基于动态污点分析的工业控制系统协议自动逆向工程分析 Research Articles

麻荣宽1,郑豪2,王竟亦2,汪慕峰2,魏强1,王清贤1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第3期页码 351-360 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000709

摘要：私有（或半私有）协议广泛应用于工业控制系统（ICS）。通过逆向工程推断协议格式对于许多网络安全应用（例如程序测试和入侵检测）具有重要意义。传统协议逆向工程方法耗时，繁琐、易出错。最近提出的自动化逆向协议方法既不能有效处理基于网络流量分析的二进制ICS协议，也不能从协议程序实现中准确提取协议字段。本文提出一个工业控制系统协议逆向工程框架（ICSPRF），旨在以更高准确度提取ICS协议字段。ICSPRF基于以下关键见解架构：消息中单个字段通常在同一执行上下文中处理，例如基本块（BBL）组。通过监视程序的执行，ICSPRF可以在执行跟踪中收集每个BBL组中处理的污染数据信息，并将它们聚类以得出协议格式。用6个开源ICS协议实现评估所提方法。结果表明，ICSPRF可以高精度地识别各个协议字段（平均匹配率为94.3％）。ICSPRF还具有较低粗粒度匹配率和过细粒度匹配率。对于同一指标，ICSPRF比Autoformat更准确（后者对于所有评估协议匹配率为88.5％，对二进制协议匹配率为80.0％）。

关键词：工业控制系统（ICS）；ICS协议逆向工程；动态污点分析；协议格式

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Efficacy and prognostic factors of imatinib plus CALLG2008 protocol in adult patients with newly diagnosed

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 229-238 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0506-y

摘要：

A CALLG2008 protocol was developed by the Chinese Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cooperative Group for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We retrospectively analyzed 153 newly diagnosed adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive ALL enrolled into imatinib (400 mg/d) plus CALLG2008 regimen between 2009 and 2015. The median age was 40 years (range, 18–68 years), with 81 (52.3%) males. The overall hematologic complete remission (CR) rate was 96.7% after induction. With a median follow-up of 24.2 months, the estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 49.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 38.5%–59.5%) and 49.2% (95% CI: 38.3%–59.2%), respectively. Fifty-eight (36 with haploidentical donor) patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in first CR. Among the patients in CR1 after induction, both the 3-year OS and EFS were significantly better in the allo-HSCT group than in the without allo-HSCT group (73.2%, 95% CI: 58.3%–83.5% vs. 22.2%, 95% CI: 8.7%–39.6% and 66.5%, 95% CI: 50.7%–78.2% vs. 16.1%, 95% CI: 5.1%–32.7%, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that allo-HSCT and achievement of major molecular response were associated with favorable OS or EFS independently. Interestingly, in the allo-HSCT cohort, the donor type (haploidentical versus matched donors) had no significant impact on EFS or OS. All these results suggested that imatinib plus CALLG2008 was an effective protocol for Ph-positive ALL. Haploidentical donors can also be a reasonable alternative expedient donor pool.

关键词： Philadelphia chromosome acute lymphoblastic leukemia imatinib CALLG2008

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马尔可夫中断下停止等待自动重传请求协议的性能分析 Regular Papers-Research Articles

Dashdondov KHONGORZUL, Yong-Ki KIM, Mi-Hye KIM

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第9期页码 1296-1306 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700185

摘要：讨论了一种使用停止等待自动重传请求协议的语音数据集成分组多路复用器的性能。假设输入数据流量经泊松过程呈指数增长，且各数据包在单时隙中传输。同时，假设仅存在单一语音信号，其比数据包有更高优先级，且其流量通过开关马尔可夫过程给出。一旦语音信号被激活，则占用输出链路，阻塞数据包。引入缓冲器占用概念简化分析，并发现当中断信号通过马尔可夫过程给出时，使用停止等待自动重传请求协议的数据多路复用器表现出排队延迟和缓冲行为。仿真结果验证了分析结果的有效性。

关键词：自动重传请求协议；马尔可夫中断；泊松分布；缓冲器占用；等待时间

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基于重放分析的网络协议软件状态变量自动化发现技术 Research Article

黄见欣1,喻波1,刘润昊1,苏金树1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第3期页码 403-416 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200275

摘要：网络协议软件通常具有程序路径复杂、状态空间庞大的特点。程序中往往存在着一些带有状态的关键变量，用于记录协议状态和会话信息。这些状态变量一旦处理不当，很可能违背协议规范，进而产生逻辑错误，导致协议软件出现潜在的缺陷或漏洞。本文针对现有程序分析技术难以发现网络协议软件中的状态变量，且自动化程度偏低的问题，提出一种基于重放分析的状态变量识别方法。考虑到状态变量主要反映着通信双方的参数和程序的状态，具有这些特征的变量通常会以全局变量或静态变量的形式，持续存在于进程之中，该方法通过记录和重放协议软件的执行轨迹，运用动态插桩技术，在协议状态和软件状态的变化过程中，分析内存关键区域的全局变量和静态变量的状态特征，并结合规则进行筛选判定。在此基础上，设计并实现了一套能够自动化发现状态变量的原型系统，在ProFuzzBench中的9个程序和2个现实中的复杂协议软件上进行了测试。实验结果显示，平均真正类率（TPR）可达82%，平均准确度可达96%左右。

关键词：状态变量；网络协议软件；程序分析技术；网络安全

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Mechanical performance analysis and stiffness test of a new type of suspension bridge

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期页码 1160-1180 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0760-6

摘要： A new type of suspension bridge is proposed based on the gravity stiffness principle. Compared with a conventional suspension bridge, the proposed bridge adds rigid webs and cross braces. The rigid webs connect the main cable and main girder to form a truss that can improve the bending stiffness of the bridge. The cross braces connect the main cables to form a closed space truss structure that can improve the torsional stiffness of the bridge. The rigid webs and cross braces are installed after the construction of a conventional suspension bridge is completed to resist different loads with different structural forms. A new type of railway suspension bridge with a span of 340 m and a highway suspension bridge with a span of 1020 m were designed and analysed using the finite element method. The stress, deflection of the girders, unbalanced forces of the main towers, and natural frequencies were compared with those of conventional suspension bridges. A stiffness test was carried out on the new type of suspension bridge with a small span, and the results were compared with those for a conventional bridge. The results showed that the new suspension bridge had a better performance than the conventional suspension bridge.

关键词： new type of suspension bridge stiffness test mechanical performance railway bridge space truss

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Mixed mode properties of CNT reinforced composites using Arcan test rig

Jacob MUTHU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 397-404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0321-y

摘要： Composite materials reinforced with carbon nanotubes were mechanical tested using Arcan test rig under Mode-I, Mode-II and mixed mode loading conditions to obtain their fracture properties. The butterfly composite specimens were fabricated with 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 wt % CNTs. The polyester/CNT composite was fabricated using VRTM (Vacuum Resin Transfer Molding) where the CNTs were first functionalised to reach an optimum properties. Arcan test rig was designed and fabricated to work with the Shimadzu testing machine. The results show that the functionalised CNTs have improved the fracture behavior by acting as bridge between the cracked face. In addition, the fracture properties were not improved for the higher weight fraction of 0.1 wt% CNTs.

关键词： CNT composites Arcan test rig stress intensity factor

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Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 326-333 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0489-z

摘要： In this paper, a novel accelerated test method was proposed to analyze the durability of MEA, considering the actual operation of the fuel cell vehicle. The proposed method includes 7 working conditions: open circuit voltage (OCV), idling, rated output, overload, idling-rated cycle, idling-overload cycle, and OCV-idling cycle. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively destroy the MEA in a short time (165 h). Moreover, the degradation mechanism of MEA was analyzed by measuring the polarization curve, CV, SEM and TEM. This paper may provide a new research direction for improving the durability of fuel cell.

关键词： polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell accelerated life-time test load cycling test durability

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一种基于轨迹动力学的任务导向型飞行自组网赛博物理路由协议 Article

胡蝶, 杨少石, 龚旻, 冯志勇, 祝学军

《工程（英文）》 2022年第19卷第12期页码 217-227 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.022

摘要：

作为一种特殊的移动自组网（MANET），飞行自组网（FANET）具有在民用无线通信（如5G和6G）和国防工业中使能各种新兴应用的潜力。路由协议在FANET中起着关键作用。但是，在为FANET设计路由协议时，通常假设空中节点随机移动。这对于以任务为导向的FANET（MO-FANET）显然是不合适的。在该网络中，空中节点为了执行某些任务，通常保持良好的编队构型，沿着大致确定的飞行路径从给定的出发点向确定的目标点移动。本文提出了一种基于跨学科集成的新型赛博物理路由协议，基于MOFANET的特定移动模式，充分利用由任务决定的轨迹动力学模型，构建节点重新加入网络和互相分离的时间序列，并将其与每个节点的邻接矩阵一起作为先验信息。通过大量符合真实情况的NS-3 仿真试验，结果表明，与FANET中使用的现有代表性路由协议相比，本文提出的协议在保证更低的开销和更低的平均端到端延迟的同时，保持了相对适度和稳定的网络时延抖动，并实现了更高的数据包传输率（PDR）

关键词：信息物理系统飞行自组网路由协议轨迹动力学无人机

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XB高精度火箭橇试验滑轨

杨兴邦

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第10期页码 98-104

摘要：

火箭橇试验滑轨是一种大型地面动态模拟试验设备，用于研究试验件在空中高速度、高加速度运行时所遇到的诸多技术问题，其技术核心是一百万分之一的轨道直线性相对精度。它要求具有稳定的滑轨基础、高直线度准直基准线和光滑平顺的钢轨作为基本条件，需要采用钢轨精密机械加工、钢轨焊接、焊缝超声波探伤、轨道张拉锚固锁定、轨道直线度调整等新工艺技术。我国已成功地建成世界上唯一的、钢轨经精密机械加工后再全程焊接的XB高精度火箭橇试验滑轨。文章论述了它的诞生背景、设计思路、技术方案、技术与建造特点以及应用展望，该滑轨直线度达到世界先进水平。

关键词：火箭滑橇试验滑轨地面动态模拟试验

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Application of metal magnetic memory test in failure analysis and safety evaluation of vessels

Yiliang ZHANG, Song YANG, Xuedong XU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第1期页码 40-48 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0003-3

摘要： Metal magnetic memory test (MMMT), which is a new subject in the field of nondestructive examination, can determine regions of stress concentration by testing the distribution of the magnetic field of metal structures so as to effectively diagnose premature defects. MMMT and other test methods are applied in the study to put a propylene purifier of a temperature-jump accident and a leaked ammonia vessel through safety evaluation. Results are as follows: The margin of safety declines after the purifier is overburnt; several stress concentrations are observed within the overburnt area and the level of stress concentration rises after one-month operation; and overpressure operation of the purifier must be strictly avoided and carefully monitored during later operation. Cracks are observed on the ammonia vessel after one year’s service. Extremely high residual stress is the primary cause of cracks. After four years in service, the residual stresses existing in the area of the base metal and weld zone are still greater than 0.5 , which results in numerous cracks due to stress corrosion. From the MMMT result of the ammonia vessel’s defects, it can be seen that the derivative of magnetic density (d p/d ) is an important reference variable. Within the 31 leakage points, 67.7% of them whose dHp/dx values are more than 10, and 96.8% of them whose dHp/dx values are more than 8.

关键词： Metal magnetic memory test (MMMT) nondestructive testing (NDT) residual stress propylene purifier ammonia vessel

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基于IP骨干网的虚拟专用网理论与实现

李秀忠

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第3期页码 84-91

摘要：

讨论了虚拟专用网（VPN），尤其是IP-VPN的相关方面。在此基础上分析了IP-VPN的虚拟专用路由网（VPRN）和虚拟专用局域网（VPLS）两种类型。着重讨论了VPRN的两种实现机制——边界网关协议/多协议标记交换（BGP/MPLS）和虚拟路由器（VR），并进行了比较。实现了一种VPLS——虚拟局域网（VLAN）。最后从理论上探讨了基于网络的VPN的服务质量（QoS）并提出了一种VPN QoS的实现途径。

关键词：虚拟专用路由网（VPRN）虚拟专用局域网段（VPLS）边界网关协议/多协议标记交换（BGP/MPLS）虚拟路由器（VR）最坏情况加权公平排队（WF²Q）随机早期检测（RED）

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标题作者时间类型操作

Microwave assisted synthesis of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) grafted agar (Ag-g-P(HEMA)) and its application as a flocculant for wastewater treatment

Gautam SEN, G. Usha RANI, Sumit MISHRA

期刊论文

Development of pretreatment protocol for DNA extraction from biofilm attached to biologic activated carbon

Shuting ZHANG, Bo WEI, Xin YU, Bing LIU, Zhuoying WU, Li GU

期刊论文

IP组播路由协议的研究与实现

李炜

期刊论文

协议分析仪2Mb/s高速信令处理模块

刘志辉

期刊论文

基于动态污点分析的工业控制系统协议自动逆向工程分析